DromaeosauridaeArchaeopteryx_lithographicaAnas_platyrhynchosChauna_torquataGallus_gallusCrax_pauxiCrypturellus_undulatusLithornisIaceornis_marshiiIchthyornisHesperornis_regalisBaptornis_adventusSonglingornis_linghensisApsaravis_ukhaanaPatagopteryx_deferrariisiChangzuiornis_ahgmiGansus_yumenenisGansus_zheniIteravis_huchzermeyeriYanornis_martiniYixianornis_grabauiHongshanornisJianchangornisArchaeorynchusLongicrusavisVorona_berivotrensisCathayornis_yandicaConcornis_lacustrisNeuquenornis_volansGobipteryx_minutaLongirostravis_haniLongipteryx_chaoyanensisProtopteryxEoenantiornisPengornisBohaiornisShenqiornisSapeornisJeholornisConfuciusornis_sanctusOsteologyMaximum ParsimonyBased on reanalysis of the original matrix.Wang_etal_2018a