DromaeosauridaeArchaeopteryx_lithographicaSapeornis_chaoyangensisConfuciusornis_sanctusVorona_berivotrensisPatagopteryx_deferrariisiApsaravis_ukhaanaIchthyornis_disparLimenavis_patagonicaIaceornis_marshiiAnas_platyrhynchosChauna_torquataGallus_gallusCrax_pauxiCrypturellus_undulatusLithornisHesperornis_regalisBaptornis_adventusYanornis_martiniSonglingornis_linghensisYixianornis_grabauiCathayornis_yandicaConcornis_lacustrisNeuquenornis_volansGobipteryx_minutaOsteologyMaximum ParsimonyBased on reanalysis of the original matrix.Clarke_et_Middleton_2008a