(Dromaeosauridae,(Archaeopteryx,(Jeholornis,(Zhongornis,((Sapeornis,(((Longipteryx,DNHM_D1878,(Longirostravis,DNHM_D2522)),(Eoenantiornis,(Eoalulavis,(Concornis,(Gobipteryx,Neuquenornis,Vescornis,Iberomesornis))))),(Patagopteryx,((Hongshanornis,(PKUP_1069,Longicrusavis)),(Yanornis,(Yixianornis,(Gansus,(Apsaravis,(Hesperornis,(Icthyornis,(Anas,Gallus))))))))))),(Confuciusornis,Changchengornis))))));