(Dromaeosauridae,(Archaeopteryx,(Rahonavis,(Jeholornis,((Sapeornis,((Archaeorhynchus,(Jianchangornis,(Chaoyangia,((Chaweiniao,(Zhongjianornis,Vorona)),(Patagopteryx,(((Yixianornis,(Songlinornis,Yanornis)),(Gansus,((Apsaravis,Ambiortus),(Hollanda,(Ichthyornis,((Limenavis,(Enaliornis,(Baptornis_advenus,(Baptornis_varneri,(Hesperornis,Parahesperornsi))))),(Vegavis,(Anas,Gallus)))))))),(Longicrusavis,Hongshanornis))))))),((Iberomesornis,((((Boluochia,Longipteryx),(Rapaxavis,(Longirostravis,Shanweiniao))),(shenqiornis,Eocathayornis)),((Fortunguavis,(Otogornis,(Pengornis,(Sulcavis,(Neuquenornis,(Eoenantiornis,(Concornis,(Eoalulavis,Liaoningornis)))))))),(Gobipteryx,Vescornis)))),(Elsornis,Protopteryx)))),(Eoconfuciusornis,((Confuciusornis_sanctus,Changchengornis),(Jinzhouornis,Confuciusornis_dui))))))));